Mental health and illness

Mental health refers to someone's emotional and social wellbeing.

With good mental health we manage the normal ups and downs of life but if our mental health declines it can affect our feelings, thoughts and actions. Sometimes these changes in our mental health can also affect how we do our day to day activites, such as school, work and relationships.

Some mental health problems fade with time, while others can be managed with support from friends and family. When mental health problems last for long periods of time and begin to significantly change a person's daily life, or to cause them distress it is possible that a mental illness is developing. It is very important to seek professional help early if you feel that you or someone you know may be developing a mental illness. Contacting your GP or your nearest headspace centre is a good place to start.

Mental illness

When mental health problems last for long periods of time and begin to significantly change a person's daily life, it is possible that a mental illness is developing. Mental illness refers to a range of issues which may affect someone's thoughts, feelings, actions and/or memory. These issues are longer lasting than mental health problems and cause more distress and disruption to life. Although mental illness can occur at any age, anxiety disorders and depression are quite common problems for young people.

Some of the things to look out for if you are worried about someone are:

  • New, noticeable and persistent changes that last at least a few weeks
  • Obvious and persistent changes in:
    • Behaviour - for example, appetite, sleep, use of drugs, change in school performance, avoiding school/work, withdrawal from people
    • Thinking - for example, poor concentration, poor motivation, constant worrying, preoccupation, hearing or seeing things that are not there
    • Feelings - for example, unhappiness, depression, irritability, fear, anger, loss of pleasure

Causes of mental illness

Most mental illnesses are thought to be caused by a variety of factors including:

  • Biological factors - inherited or environmental
  • Negative early life experiences - for example: abuse, neglect, death of a relative or other losses and trauma
  • Individual factors - for example: self-esteem or way of thinking
  • Current social circumstances - school, work, financial, relationship or family stress, or negative life events 

There are a number of mental illnesses including: